Assessing Growth Performance and Flesh Quality of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) with Natural Carotenoids in Feeds
Growth and Flesh Quality of H. molitrix with Natural Carotenoids in Feeds
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18005874Keywords:
Carcass composition, Carotenoid, Flesh coloration, PalatabilityAbstract
A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of natural pigment inclusion on the growth performance, carcass composition, carotenoid accumulation, coloration, and sensory quality of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. Four experimental diets were prepared: a carotenoid-free control (CF) and three carotenoid-enriched diets containing 5% tomato (TEF), 5% carrot (CEF), and a mixture of 2.5% tomato and 2.5% carrot (TCEF). Fish were assigned to four treatments with triplicate groups and fed twice daily to apparent satiation for 90 days. Growth indices, including mean weight gain (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate, were determined using standard formulas, and proximate composition, carotenoid concentration, and palatability attributes (flavor, taste, texture) were analyzed through established procedures.The TCEF-fed fish showed significantly (p<0.05) superior MWG and SGR values and a reduced FCR compared with other treatments. No significant (p>0.05) changes were found in the proximate composition among the test groups. The highest carotenoid deposition occurred in fish fed the CEF diet, followed by TCEF and TEF. Fish receiving carotenoid-enriched diets (CEF and TCEF) exhibited significantly (p<0.05) enhanced lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*), and chroma (C*) values. Palatability evaluation revealed a strong preference for TCEF, whereas CF scored the lowest. Furthermore, TCEF proved to be the most cost-efficient diet. The results demonstrate that the combined inclusion of 2.5% tomato and 2.5% carrot effectively enhances growth, coloration, and sensory quality in H. molitrix.
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