Microbiological study of Sciaenid species collected from coastal waters of Niger Delta, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10442400Keywords:
Bacteria, Fungi, Sciaenid species, Coastal waters, NigeriaAbstract
This study was carried out to determine and compare the microbial load in Sciaenid species (Pseudotholithus. typus, P. senegalensis and P. elongtatus) collected from the coastal waters in Rivers State, Nigeria. Fish samples were purchased from the local fishermen and transported in ice packs to the Microbiology Laboratory. The mean bacterial counts on the skin of the three fish species using Nutrient Agar for general purpose showed that P. typus had the highest loads (2.560 x 103 CFU g-1) followed by P. elongtatus with 1.360 x 103 CFU g-1 and P. senegalensis (8.00 x 102 CFU g-1) respectively. Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) used for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus revealed that P. senegalensis had 3.0 X 10-1 CFU g-1, and Staphylococcus aureus was detected on the skin of P. typus and P. elongtatus. On SSA agar, the bacterial counts for the species were highest in P. senegalensis (6.326 x 102 CFU g-1) followed by P. elongtatus and P. typus with mean values of 5.90 x 102CFU g-1 and 5.350 x 102CFU g-1 respectively. Bacterial counts on TCBS were highest in P. senegalensis with a mean value of 3.15 x 102101 CFU g-1, P. typus had 2.925 x 102 CFU g-1 and P. elongtatus had 2.26 x 102 CFU g-1. Fungi isolated on TCBS were low in all three fish species, with the highest mean value of 1.60 x 101 CFU g-1 recorded on P. typus followed by P. elongtatus (1.50 x 101 CFU g-1) and P. senegalensis (1.25 x 101 CFU g-1). The prevalent bacteria in this study were Shigella species, Aeromonas species, Pseudomonas flourescens, Vibrio species, Staphylococcus species, Salmonella species, Bacillus species, and Micrococcus species. While fungal counts found on the skin of the three fish species include Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Rhizopus stolonifera, Rhizopus stolonifera. The organisms isolated in this study are of public health significance, and their presence suggests that foodborne illness could arise if these fish are consumed in an undercooked state.
References
Adeboyejo, A.O., Clark, OE.D. & Fajana, O.P. (2021). Microbial load in five demersal marine fin and shell fishes from Nigerian Coastal 2.000543.
AOAC. (1998). Bacteriological analytical manual, 8th ed. Association of official analytical chemists, Washington, DC.
Bankole, M.O., Oladimeji, D.S. & Omemu, A.M. (2005). Microorganisms associated with the palms of food under in Abeokuta Metropolis. In: The Book of Abstracts of the 29th Annual Conf. Act Lienural Meeting (Abeokuta, 2005 on by Nigerian Society for Microbiology (NSM), University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, from 6-10th pp: 17.
Cheesbough, M. (1984). Medical laboratory manual for tropical countries. Vol. II, 2271pp.
Fankhauser, D. (2005). Pour plate technique for Bacterial Count. Accessed 29/10/09. Federal Department of Fisheries, (FDF). (2004). Abuja Nigeria. 3rd Edition. Publisher Fisheries Statistics of Nigeria. p. 45.
Feldhusen, F. (2000). The role of seafood in bacterial foodborne diseases. Microbes and Infection, vol. 2, no. 13, pp. 1651- 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1286-4579 (00)01321-6. PMid:11113384.
Frazier, W. C. & Westhoff, D. C. (1995). Contamination, preservation, and spoilage of fish and other seafoods. In Food Microbiology, p. 243. 4th edn. New Delhi: Tata Mcgraw-Hill publishing company ltd
Job, M. O., Agina, S.E. & Dapiya, H. S. (2016). Occurrence of Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Smoke-dried Fish Sold in Jos Metropolis. British Microbiology Research Journal, 11, 1-7.
Kannapiran, E., J. Ravindran, R. Chandrasekar, R. & Kalaiarasi, A. (2009). Studies on luminous, Vibrio harveyi associated with shrimp culture system rearing Penaeus monodon. J. Environ. Biol., 30: 791-795. PMID: 20143707
Kayansamruaj, P., Dong, H.T., Hirono, I., Kondo, H., Senapin, S. et al., (2017). Genome characterization of piscine 'Scale drop and muscle necrosis syndrome'- associated strain of Vibrio harveyi focusing on bacterial virulence determinants. J. Applied Microbiol.124: 652-666. DOI: 10.1111/jam.13676.
Kutlu, S., Yesilsu, A.F. & Firidin, S. (2011). Aquatic products as a source of contamination. Yunus Research Bulletin, vol. 3, pp. 20-25.
Martin, A. (2008). Fish Processing: Biochemical Applications. Chapman and Hall, London.
Nair, P.S. & Surendren, P. K. (2005). Biochemical characterization of Lactic acid bacteria isolated from fish and prawn. Journal of culture collections 4: 48-52.
Ndiaye, A. (1998). Contribution à l’évolution de la qualité bactériologique des produits de la pêche destinés à l’exportation en 1996 et 1997. Thèse de Médecine Vétérinaire, Dakar. pp. 73.
Nunoo, F. K. E., Sossoukpe, E., Adite, A. & Fiogbe, E. D. (2013). Food habits of two species of Pseudotolithus (Sciaenidae) off Benin (West Africa) near shore waters and implications for management International. Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture 5 (6): 142-151.
Ola, J.B. & Oladipo, A.E. (2004). Storage life of croaker (Pseudotholitus Senegalensis) in ice and ambient temperature. African Journal of Biomedical Research 7 (1): 13-17.
Ogur, S. (2022). Pathogenic bacteria load and safety of retail marine fish Brazilian Journal of Biology, vol. 82, e262735 | https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.262735
Okonta, A.A. & Ekelemu, J.K.S. (2005). A preliminary study of micro-organisms associated with fish spoilage in Asaba, Nigeria. Proceedings of the 20th Annual Conference of FISON Port Harcourt. 14-18th NOV. 2005/ 557-559.
Oranusi, S., Obioha, T. U. & Adekeye, B. T. (2014). Investigation on the microbial profile of frozen foods: Fish and Meat. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences. 1(2): 71-78.
Osibona, O.A. (2011). Comparative study of proximate composition, amino and fatty acids of some economically important fish species in Lagos, Nigeria. African Journal of Food Science 5 (10): 581-588.
Rahman, M. M., Rahman, F., Afroz, F., Yesmin, F., Fatema, K. K., Das, K. K. & Noor, R. (2012). Prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in shrimp samples collected from hatchery, local markets and the shrimp processing plant for export quality frozen shrimp. Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology
Sugita, H., Ushioka, S., Kihara, D. & Deguchi, Y. (1988). Changes in the bacterial composition of water in a carp rearing tank. Aquaculture 44, 243–247.
Wei, J., Guo, X., Liu, H., Chen, Y. & Wang, W. (2018). The variation profile of intestinal microbiota in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) during feeding habit transition. BMC Microbiology, 18(1), 99 10.1186/s12866-018 1246-0.
Zaky, M.M.M. & Salem, M.A.M. (2015). Environmental Factors Influencing Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Pathogens in Polluted Lake Manzala, Egypt. Journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology, 6, Article ID: 1000249.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The journal is licensed under a 